Pipe Reducer

Pipe Reducers are the component in a pipeline that reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter).

Concentric reducer

Eccentric reducer

Stainless reducer

ASTM A234 WPB Reducer

ANSI B16.9 Reducer

Large size eccentric reducer

Key Specifications/Special Features of pipe reducer, reducer fittings:

Standard: ANSI B16.9 / 16.28, ASTM A53/A106, API 5L, ASME B36.10M---1996, DIN2605 / 2615 / 2616, JIS P2311/2312

Surface treatment: Transparent oil, rust-proof black oil or hot galvanized.

• Based on different materials, pipe reducers include carbon steel reducer, stainless steel reducer, and alloy steel reducer etc.
  
• Depending on their construction, pipe reducers contain threaded reducer, tapered reducer and anti-roll reducer etc.

Deep drawing is the manufacturing process of forming sheet metal stock, called blanks, into geometrical or irregular shapes that are more than half their diameters in depth. Deep drawing involves stretching the metal blank around a plug and then moving it into a moulding cutter called a die.

A drawing press can be used for forming sheet metal into different shapes and the finished shape depends on the final position that the blanks are pushed down in. The metal used in deep drawing must be malleable as well as resistant to stress and tension damage.

36” x 26” STD SMLS/WLD BW ECCENTRIC REDUCER ASTM A234 WP22 OR WP22W CL. 1

What is the difference between concentric and eccentric reducers ?

A reducer is the component in a pipeline that reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter).

• Concentric reducer is symmetrical both ends are aligned along the center.
• Eccentric reducer is not symmetrical ends are off center of one another.

Applications of pipe reducer:

A concentric reducer is used in pipe racks to maintain a constant bottom of pipe (BOP). Pipe supports within a pipe rack have the same elevation, so the piping system should have a consistent BOP to rest on each support.

An eccentric reducer is used upstream of pumps to increase the fluid velocity and provide a net positive suction head. A reducer is also installed upstream and downstream of pressure safety valves (PSVs) in flare lines. The other application of an eccentric reducer is to increase the line size to 4″ for thermowell (temperature gauge) installation. An eccentric reducer does not change the bottom of the pipe and support height. Fig. 14.29 shows how to put the reducer before the pump.

Buttweld Pipe Fitting Specification & Standards

Welded pipe fittings are made as per ASME spec B16.9. ASME B16.9 covers factory made wrought steel butwelding fittings in sizes 1/2" to 48". This standard however does not cover low pressure corrosion resistant buttwelding fittings. See MSS SP-43, Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings.

A234 WPB is the most common material used for carbon steel butt welded fittings.

ASTM A234 WPB is the Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service.

Specifications  

• ASTM:   A234 WPB
• ASME:   B16.9, B.11
• NACE:    MRO175
• MSS:      SP-83, SP-95

Chemical Composition%

Grade	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Mo	Ni	Cu	Others
–	–	–	max	max	–	–	–	–	–	–
WPB	0.3	0.29-1.06	0.05	0.058	0.1	0.4	0.15	0.4	0.4	V 0.08
(1,2,3,4,5)	max	–	–	–	min	max	max	max	max	max

1. Fittings made from bar or plate may have 0.35 max carbon.
2. Fittings made from forgings may have 0.35 max Carbon and 0.35 max Silicon with no min.
3. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified Carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06% Manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
4. The sum of Copper, Nickel, Niobium, and Molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00%.
5. The sum of Niobium and Molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32%.

Stainless Steel Butt Weld Fittings:

Stainless buttweld fittings are available in 316 and 304 grades.

304/304L (UNS S30400/S30403) 

C	Cr	Mn	Ni	P	S	Si
MAX	–	MAX	–	MAX	MAX	MAX
0.035	18.0- 20.0	2.00	8.0-13.0	0.045	0.030	1.00

 Tensile Requirements

Tensile Strength:  (KSI) = 60                                      

Yield Strength:  (KSI) = 35                                          

(KSI converts to MPA {Megapascals} by multiplying by 6.895)         

316/316L (UNS S31600/S31603)  

Chemical Composition%

C	Cr	Mn	Mo	Ni	P	S	Si
MAX	–	MAX		–	Max	MAX	MAX
0.035	16.0- 18.0	2.00	2.0-3.0	10.0-14.0	0.045	0.030	1.00

Tensile Requirements 

• Tensile Strength:  (KSI) = 70                                      
• Yield Strength:  (KSI) = 25                                          
• (KSI converts to MPA {Megapascals} by multiplying by 6.895)   

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Reducer, Pipe reducer size data

Nominal pipe DN size	Outside Diameter at Bevel				Center to End
	D1		D2		End to End  L
	Series A	Series B	Series A	Series B
20×15	26.9	25	21.3	18	38
25×20 25×15	33.7 33.7	32 32	26.9 21.3	25 18	51 51
32×25 32×20 32×15	42.4 42.4 42.4	38 38 38	33.7 26.9 21.3	32 25 18	51 51 51
40×32 40×25 40×20 40×15	48.3 48.3 48.3 48.3	45 45 45 45	42.4 33.7 26.7 21.3	38 32 25 18	64 64 64 64
50×40 50×32 50×25 50×20	60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3	57 57 57 57	48.3 42.4 33.7 26.9	45 38 32 25	76 76 76 76
65×50 65×40 65×32 65×25	76.1(73) 76.1(73) 76.1(73) 76.1(73)	76 76 76 76	60.3 48.3 42.4 33.7	57 45 38 32	89 89 89 89
80×65 80×50 80×40 80×32	88.9 88.9 88.9 88.9	89 89 89 89	76.1(73) 60.3 48.3 42.4	76 57 45 38	89 89 89 89
90×80 90×65 90×50 90×40 90×32	101.6 101.6 101.6 101.6 101.6	- - - - -	88.9 76.1(73) 60.3 48.3 42.4	- - - - -	102 102 102 102 102
100×90 100×80 100×65 100×50 100×40	114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3	108 108 108 108 108	101.6 88.9 76.1(73) 60.3 48.3	- 89 76 57 45	102 102 102 102 102
125×100 125×90 125×80 125×65 125×50	139.7 139.7 139.7 139.7 139.7	133 - 133 133 133	114.3 101.6 88.9 76.1(73) 60.3	108 - 89 76 57	127 127 127 127 127
150×125 150×100 150×90 150×80 150×65	168.3 168.3 168.3 168.3 168.3	159 159 - 159 159	139.7 114.3 101.6 88.9 76.1(73)	133 108 - 89 76	140 140 140 140 140
200×150 200×125 200×100 200×90	219.1 219.1 219.1 219.1	219 219 219 -	163.8 139.7 114.3 101.6	159 133 108 -	152 152 152 152
250×200 250×150 250×125 250×100	273.0 273.0 273.0 273.0	273 273 273 273	219.1 168.3 139.7 114.3	219 159 133 108	178 178 178 178
300×250 300×200 300×150 300×125	323.9 323.9 323.9 323.9	325 325 325 325	273.0 219.1 168.3 139.7	273 219 159 133	203 203 203 203
350×300 350×250 350×200 350×150	355.6 355.6 355.6 355.6	377 377 377 377	323.9 273.0 219.1 168.3	325 273 219 159	330 330 330 330
400×350 400×300 400×250 400×200	406.4 406.4 406.4 406.4	426 426 426 426	355.6 323.9 273.0 219.1	377 325 273 219	356 356 356 356
450×400 450×350 450×300 450×250	457.2 457.2 457.2 457.2	478 478 478 478	406.4 355.6 323.9 273.0	426 377 325 273	381 381 381 381
500×450 500×400 500×350 500×300	508.0 508.0 508.0 508.0	529 529 529 529	457.2 406.4 355.6 323.9	478 426 377 325	508 508 508 508
550×500 550×450 550×400 550×350	559 559 559 559	- - - -	508 457 406 356	- - - -	508 508 508 508
600×550 600×500 600×450 600×400	610 610 610 610	- 630 630 630	559 508 457 406	- 530 480 426	508 508 508 508
650×600 650×550 650×500 650×450	660 660 660 660	- - - -	610 559 508 457	- 630 - 630	610 610 610 610
700×650 700×600 700×550 700×500	711 711 711 711	- 720 - 720	660 310 559 508	- 720 - 630	610 610 610 610
750×700 750×650	762 762	- -	711 660	- -	610 610
750×600 750×550	762 762	- -	610 559	- -	610 610
800×750 800×700 800×650 800×600	813 813 813 813	- 820 - 820	762 711 660 610	- 720 - 630	610 610 610 610
850×800 850×750 850×700 850×650	864 864 864 864	- - - -	813 762 711 660	- - - -	610 610 610 610
900×850 900×800 900×750 900×700	914 914 914 914	- 920 - 920	864 813 762 711	- 820 - 820	610 610 610 610
950×900 950×850 950×800 950×750	965 965 965 965	- - - -	914 864 813 762	- - - -	610 610 610 610
1000×950 1000×900 1000×850 1000×800	1016 1016 1016 1016	- 1020 - 1020	965 914 864 813	- 920 - 920	610 610 610 610
1050×1000 1050×950 1050×900 1050×850	1067 1067 1067 1067	- - - -	1016 965 914 864	- - - -	610 610 610 610
1100×1050 1100×1000 1100×950 1100×900	1118 1118 1118 1118	- 1120 - 1120	1067 1016 965 914	- 1020 - 1020	610 610 610 610
1150×1100 1150×1050 1150×1000 1150×950	1168 1168 1168 1168	- - - -	1118 1067 1016 965	- - - -	711 711 711 711
1200×1150 1200×1100 1200×1050 1200×1000	1220 1220 1220 1220	- 1220 - 1220	1168 1118 1067 1016	- 1120 - 1120	711 711 711 711

Bevelled Ends

The ends of all buttweld fittings are bevelled, exceeding wall thickness 4 mm for austenitic stainless steel, or 5 mm for ferritic stainless steel. The shape of the bevel depending upon the actual wall thickness. This bevelled ends are needed to be able to make a "Butt weld".

Welding Bevel acc.to ASME / ANSI B16.9 and ASME / ANSI B16.28

ASME B16.25 covers the preparation of buttwelding ends of piping components to be joined into a piping system by welding. It includes requirements for welding bevels, for external and internal shaping of heavy-wall components, and for preparation of internal ends (including dimensions and dimensional tolerances).

Our in-hourse R&D team developed bevel ends equipment are good using in thickness 2mm to 20mm pipe fittings, guarantee high efficiency and high quality.

Send us your technical drawings

These weld edge preparation requirements are also incorporated into the ASME standards (e.g., B16.9, B16.5, B16.34).

ASME B16.25 (BUTT WELD ENDS)

ASME B16.25 sets standards for the preparation of the ends of components that need to be welded together.

Cut square or slight chamfer, at manufacturer’s option for :

• t ≤ 0.19” carbon steel or ferritic alloy steels
• t ≤ 0.12” austenitic alloy steels

Buttweld Fittings general

A pipe fitting is defined as a part used in a piping system, for changing direction, branching or for change of pipe diameter, and which is mechanically joined to the system.

There are many different types of fittings and they are the same in all sizes and schedules as the pipe.